Talking about rare earths is inseparable from rare earth permanent magnet materials. What is rare earth permanent magnet material? Today we will come to popular science. First, let's understand what is a permanent magnet material? Refers to materials that can maintain constant magnetic properties once they are magnetized, and are widely used in high technology. Those who have studied high school physics know that magnetic energy generates electricity, commonly known as "electromagnetic induction" phenomenon, and the principle of modern generators is derived from this. Permanent magnet materials can provide constant magnetism and provide a constant energy basis for motor operation. Why are rare earth permanent magnets so precious? Rare earth permanent magnet, that is, the permanent magnet material contains rare earth metal elements. At present, the well-known rare earth permanent magnet materials are mainly rare earth cobalt permanent magnet materials and neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials. Rare-earth permanent magnet materials are currently known as a permanent magnet material with the highest comprehensive performance. The magnetic energy product of cobalt permanent magnets can reach 150 times that of carbon steel, 3 to 5 times that of Alnico permanent magnets, and 8 to 10 times that of permanent magnet ferrites. Neodymium iron boron magnets have extremely high magnetic energy and are called the contemporary "king of permanent magnets". They are widely used in electronics, machinery and other industries with their excellent performance. Due to the use of rare earth permanent magnetic materials, not only has promoted the miniaturization of permanent magnetic devices and improved the performance of products, but also promoted the production of some special devices, which has the effect of becoming gold. What is the role of rare earth permanent magnets? Rare earth permanent magnet materials have become important materials in electronic technology communications: In the field of military science and technology, it can be used to build artificial satellites, radars, and aviation instruments. It is also ubiquitous in daily life, and has penetrated into automobiles, household appliances, electronic meters, nuclear magnetic resonance imagers, audio equipment, micro-special motors, mobile phones, etc. In the medical field, the use of rare earth permanent magnet materials for "magnetic acupuncture therapy" has greatly improved the curative effect and promoted the rapid promotion of "magnetic acupuncture therapy". The most obvious application of rare earth permanent magnets in recent years is in the field of new energy. New energy vehicles, wind power generation, and air conditioners will all be applied to this material. Rare earth permanent magnetic tape drive rare earth demand explodes According to agency estimates, by 2025, the demand for high-performance neodymium-iron-boron for new energy vehicles will exceed 60,000 tons. On the other han...

China has a vast territory and contains precious and scarce rare earth resources. Rare earths play a core role in industrial metallurgy, chip manufacturing, and even aerospace. Statistics show that China's rare earth reserves account for 36% of the world's total reserves, and it is a veritable rare earth country. In addition, China also bears 90% of the world's rare earth exports. According to the latest data from Chinese officials on Tuesday (July 13), in June 2021, China exported a total of 4012.4 tons of rare earths, a decrease of 3.8% compared with the export volume of 4171 tons of rare earths in May. Since China currently holds a large global supply of rare earths in its hands, China is the source of rare earth resources in many countries. According to statistics from relevant U.S. agencies, in 2018, the U.S. rare earth supply was 100% dependent on foreign imports, and 80% of the rare earths came from China. Among the 35 rare earth elements recognized and used in the United States, 13 are imported from China. It can be seen that the United States cannot do without China's rare earth resource market. Rare earth permanent magnet materials have a wide range of applications, including traditional industries such as computers, automobiles, instrumentation, household appliances, and emerging industries such as wind power generation, new energy vehicles, and energy-saving elevators. China's rare earth permanent magnet material industry is showing a trend of stable development, with a compound annual growth rate of 11.4%. Thanks to the strong support of the Chinese government and the continued growth of market demand in downstream industrial motors, wind turbines, new energy vehicles, consumer electronics and other applications, the industry is expected to continue to grow in the future, and the consumption of rare earth permanent magnet materials is expected to further expand , The consumption is expected to reach 164,000 tons in 2023. As China has begun planning for the export of rare earth resources in recent years, official sources indicated that it will issue the "Rare Earth Regulations" as soon as possible to regulate the development of the industry.

Magnetic materials are an important type of basic functional materials with a wide range of applications. For example, industries such as electronics, information, electric tools, automobiles, and home appliances have irreplaceable demands for magnetic materials. At the same time, as the country currently advocates energy conservation, environmental protection, and green development, as a clean energy source, magnetic materials are more and more widely used in emerging fields such as energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, electric vehicles, smart cities, and smart earth. Used in military and national defense fields such as robots, unmanned aerial vehicles, aerospace, satellite remote sensing, etc. Especially for ferrite permanent magnet materials, which are cheap and rich in resources, the overall market demand is growing at a rapid rate of 10% to 15% per year. In addition, magnetic materials, as one of the current national key development industries, its development has always been strongly supported by the national industrial policy. This article describes the current situation of the magnetic materials industry and analyzes the development prospects of the magnetic materials industry. With the gradual development of the magnetic materials industry, the competitive situation is becoming increasingly severe. Enterprises can only rely on technological progress and product upgrades to improve market competitiveness and achieve steady growth in performance. . Current status of the magnetic material industry 1. There are many and small enterprises, without comprehensive competitive advantages and core competitiveness At present, the main characteristics of my country's magnetic materials, especially ferrite manufacturing industry, are: the number of enterprises, small, scattered, and the low degree of intensification results in extensive production management, which cannot meet the precise control needs of high-performance products for the manufacturing process. 2. The degree of automation is low, and the production cost is greatly increased The extensive management mode and the low degree of automation in the manufacturing process result in poor product consistency, low yield, and low product stability; the high energy consumption and high emissions characteristics of traditional manufacturing industries, coupled with extensive management mode, increase resource and energy consumption , Resulting in a substantial increase in production costs. 3. The supply chain is unstable, and the bargaining power of upstream and downstream is getting stronger and stronger In recent years, due to the continuous sharp increase in the price of international iron ore, the comprehensive recycling of iron and phosphorus by steel plants, the expansion of the national magnetic material production and the increase in demand, the supply of iron-containing raw materials has been tight, and the prices have been rising; there is no raw material at pres...

Affected by factors such as supply constraints and demand release, the prices of mainstream rare earth varieties, especially light rare earth varieties, have recently seen a significant upward trend. It can be clearly seen from the rare earth index chart that domestic rare earth prices rebounded in early July, and the prices of mainstream commodities in the rare earth market have risen to varying degrees recently, and the rare earth market has stopped falling and rebounded. Specific to the product: It can be clearly seen from the product price chart that the prices of mainstream products such as neodymium oxide, neodymium metal, neodymium praseodymium oxide, neodymium praseodymium alloy, praseodymium oxide and praseodymium metal are gradually rising. As of July 2nd, the price of neodymium oxide in domestic rare earths The price of neodymium metal is 480,000 yuan/ton; the price of neodymium metal is 595,000 yuan/ton; the price of neodymium praseodymium oxide is 487,500 yuan/ton; the price of neodymium praseodymium is 602,500 yuan/ton; the price of metal praseodymium is 700,000 yuan/ton; The price of praseodymium oxide is 570,000 yuan/ton, and all products have risen to varying degrees. Most of them have risen for 2 consecutive working days. The inflection point of the domestic light rare earth market trend has been found, and the market price has gradually increased. The domestic rare earth market has stopped falling and rebounded. The structural inflection point of supply and demand is coming. The demand for high-end magnetic materials has increased, and the profit margin of the rare earth industry chain has opened. In the near future, China's rare earth quotas on the supply side may be steadily increased. With the optimization of supply rigidity, and the implementation of new energy efficiency standards, the penetration rate of NdFeB for domestic home appliances inverter air conditioners continues to increase, and the demand side is expected to continue to rise. The sales of new energy vehicles are relatively normal, and the demand for rare earths is at a high level. The main rare earth materials of high-performance NdFeB are light rare earth praseodymium and neodymium oxide, heavy rare earth dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide, which are used in new energy vehicles, wind power, energy-saving inverter air conditioners, traditional automobiles and other fields. According to statistics, the sales of new energy vehicles are still good. According to data released by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in May 2021, the sales volume of the automobile industry is estimated to be 2.204 million, a decrease of 2.1% from the previous month and a year-on-year increase of 0.5%; from January to May, the automobile industry Cumulative sales are estimated to be 10.951 million vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 37.6%. Recently, the downstream demand has increased more than before, and the market price of light rare earth has turned into an upward...

Since the second quarter of 2020, with the domestic economic recovery, domestic and foreign epidemics, economic and international relations, and factors such as China’s environmental protection and overcapacity at the front end of some related industrial chains, almost all relevant factors have been added to the magnetic material raw materials. The price of magnetic material raw materials is on the road. Many varieties have more than doubled, and individual varieties have increased by more than 3 times, and the supply of some varieties is tight. Here is a brief analysis of the reasons and effects of the sharp increase in the prices of magnetic materials and raw materials in the past year for the reference of industry enterprises. The main factors leading to the rise of raw materials in recent years 1. Environmental protection policy restrictions and strict management and control have led to abnormal production and suspension of raw material enterprises 2. Insufficient power supply in winter, and power cuts in many places, resulting in abnormal production of raw material enterprises 3. Production restrictions and process adjustments of domestic steel companies have led to a tightening of domestic iron red 4. The spread of the new crown epidemic abroad has caused some raw material companies to stop production, and exports to China have decreased and prices have risen sharply (such as upstream iron ore and related raw materials) 5. Foreign environmental protection management has caused the production line to stop production (for example, South Korea has stopped several desiliconization lines due to environmental protection reasons) 6. The growth of new energy vehicles stimulates the price of related raw materials (such as cobalt) to continue to rise 7. The domestic epidemic is effectively controlled, and the economic recovery is superimposed on the country's new infrastructure to stimulate the increase in domestic economic development demand 8. China's new energy application market continues to grow (solar energy, wind power, electric vehicles, etc.) 9. The domestic and international market demand for testing, epidemic prevention, control, and epidemic control products and the growth of demand for housing economy 10. The foreign epidemic has led to an increase in imports of Chinese products and dependence on a certain period of time 11. Some high-end raw materials have been restricted by the export of developed countries such as the United States 12. Unlimited loose stimulus of the US currency, using the dominant position of the US dollar to release water, increasing the risk of inflation, pushing up commodity prices 13. The global supply of new crown vaccines has increased, the epidemic situation in some countries has been gradually brought under control, and the resumption of production has increased the demand for bulk commodities 14. The impact of international political turmoil (such as the continuous turmoil of the military coup in Myanmar aff...

The latest report from Fairfield Market Research pointed out that the global rare earth (REE) market is witnessing a boom, and its end users are at the forefront of revolutionary changes. Generally understood as neodymium, cerium, praseodymium, lanthanum, yttrium, and dysprosium, rare earth elements or metals are essential for the automotive and consumer electronics industries. These elements are used in the production of hybrid and electric vehicles, computers, superconductors and batteries. As the world gets closer and closer to digital reality, their applications are becoming wider and wider. With the increase in sales of electric vehicles, the output of rare earth elements is also increasing Global demand for rare earth elements is expected to be driven by the shift to electric vehicles. Fairfield Market Research pointed out that by 2040, approximately 50% of traditional cars will be replaced by electric or hybrid cars. The urgent need to reduce automobile pollution and suppress carbon dioxide pollution is expected to benefit the sales of electric vehicles, which use neodymium and praseodymium in battery production. Government subsidies for the production and purchase of electric vehicles and better charging infrastructure are expected to prompt users to make conscious travel choices, thereby supporting the growth of the rare earth market throughout the forecast period. Increasing use of ceramic tiles to promote the application of rare earth elements in polishing After a slowdown in 2020, the recovery of construction activity is expected to promote the application of rare earth elements such as lanthanum, yttrium, cerium, neodymium and praseodymium. These are used in the ceramic industry to produce tiles. Cerium oxide increases the glaze effect of the tiles. The government's regulations to encourage new home buyers and ongoing renovation and renovation activities are also expected to boost this sector and increase the demand for rare earth elements. Fiber optic networks and consumer electronics expand the global rare earth element market The report also predicts that the exponential growth in sales of consumer electronics products (such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and other devices that require higher bandwidth and high processing speed) may drive the demand for better fiber optic cables. Initiatives to promote the digitalization of rural areas in developing economies, as well as projects to create large-scale fiber optic cable networks, are expected to boost the global rare earth element market. Holmium, neodymium, and erbium are widely used to produce high-efficiency active fibers. As we all know, these metals have heat resistance, high conductivity and magnetism, which makes them ideal for electronic products. China will pave the way for its booming electronics industry Geographically, the Asia-Pacific region will lead the global rare earth market, and China will pave the way for the global rare earth market. Fairfield Market Research...

After experiencing the prosperous scene of rising volume and prices in the first quarter, the price of rare earth products in the second quarter continued to decline, and the domestic rare earth market was no longer good. However, since June, the rare earth permanent magnets sector has oscillated. On June 3, stimulated by the news, there was a short-term daily limit wave, but then it immediately entered an adjustment period. Regarding the later trend of the rare earth market, the analysis believes that the domestic rare earth product demand is not good in the short term, and the market outlook will maintain an overall weak operation. However, in the medium and long term, the structural inflection point of the supply and demand of the rare earth market has come, and it will enter a medium and long-term steady upward cycle. In the future, rare earth prices will increase steadily and may even start a new round of market doubling. Short-term: poor demand or difficult to change the weak market Since the second quarter of this year, the price index trend of the domestic rare earth market has continued to fall, the price of domestic praseodymium and neodymium rare earths has continued to fall, the price of heavy rare earths has fallen, and the weak rare earth market is difficult to change. In terms of prices, domestic mainstream products such as neodymium oxide, metal neodymium, neodymium praseodymium oxide, neodymium praseodymium alloy, and praseodymium metal have continued to decline, and the downward trend is obvious. As of June 7, the domestic rare earth prices of neodymium oxide, metallic neodymium, neodymium praseodymium oxide, and neodymium praseodymium alloys have all fallen by about 20% from the beginning of April. The continued decline in domestic rare earth product prices is closely related to poor demand. First, downstream permanent magnet manufacturers are actively stocking up in the early stage, increasing on-site inventory, and generally not being enthusiasm for restocking, resulting in limited transactions in the domestic rare earth market. The upper, middle and lower reaches are mainly wait-and-see. Traders have serious resistance to high prices and tend to purchase at low prices. Second, the sales of downstream new energy vehicles have slowed down, and the rare earth industry has cooled down due to this impact. Data show that in May, the sales volume of my country's auto industry is estimated to be 2.204 million vehicles, down 2.1% from the previous month. At the same time, affected by factors such as chip shortages, soaring commodity prices, and the appreciation of the renminbi, the performance of the new energy automobile industry and air-conditioners this year may have fallen short of expectations. Affected by the decline in the market, since April, relevant rare earth companies have continued to lower the listed prices of rare earth products, and the market's negative sentiment has gradually increased. On June 7, Southern Rare Eart...

Recently, according to data released by the General Administration of Customs, China's rare earth exports in May were 4171 tons, an increase of 11.6% month-on-month and a year-on-year increase of 45.57%. In May 2020, China's rare earth exports were 2,865 tons. From January to May this year, China exported 19,813 tons of rare earths, a year-on-year increase of 8.73%. From January to May last year, China's total exports of rare earths were 18,223 tons. From the perspective of export unit prices, in May this year, China's rare earth export unit prices fell 11.56% month-on-month and increased by 40% year-on-year. This is also in line with the decline in prices of many domestic rare earth products during the April-May period.

Compared with permanent magnet materials such as ferrite, neodymium magnets (NdFeB magnets) have excellent magnetic force and are also the most commonly used rare earth magnets. They are widely used in electronics, machinery, medical equipment, toys, smart homes, hardware machinery, aerospace And other areas. However, neodymium magnets (NdFeB magnets) are very susceptible to corrosion, so how to avoid the corrosion of neodymium magnets? In this article, we will introduce several conventional methods to avoid corrosion of neodymium magnets. 1). Phosphating Phosphating is a process of forming a phosphate chemical conversion film by chemical and electrochemical reactions. Phosphating has the following purposes: 1. Protect the base material from corrosion to a certain extent. 2. Used as a primer before painting to improve the adhesion and corrosion resistance of the film. 3. It plays a role of reducing friction and lubricating in the process of metal cold working. 2). Electroplating Electroplating is the process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of other metals through electrolysis. The electroplating process is the process of using electrolysis to attach the surface of the metal or other materials to a layer of metal film, thereby preventing metal oxidation (such as corrosion). Improve wear resistance, conductivity, reflectivity, corrosion resistance and enhance aesthetics. Except for neodymium magnets, the outer layers of many coins are electroplated. 3), Electrophoresis Under the action of an electric field, the charged particles move towards the opposite electrode, which is called electrophoresis. The technique of separating charged particles by different speeds of charged particles in an electric field is called electrophoresis technology. Electrophoresis is one of the anti-corrosion surface treatment technologies widely used in sintered NdFeB and bonded NdFeB permanent magnets. The electrophoretic coating not only has good adhesion to the surface of the porous magnet, but also has the characteristics of resistance to salt spray, acid and alkali corrosion.

The magnetic switch is different from the usual switching devices. It is also called a magnetic control switch, which is a line switch device controlled by a magnetic field signal. Many people may be interested in this new type of switch, so let's make a detailed explanation of the working principle of the magnetic switch. What is a magnetic switch Magnetic switches are switching devices that are induced by magnets. Commonly used magnets include sintered neodymium iron boron, rubber magnets and permanent magnet ferrites. The switch is a dry reed switch, or dry reed switch for short. It is a passive electronic switch element with contacts. The shell is usually a sealed glass tube filled with inert gas and two iron Quality elastic reed electric board. Working principle of magnetic switch 1. The reed tube in the magnetic switch is also called a magnetron, which is a kind of switching element controlled by a magnetic field signal. When there is no magnetism, the circuit is disconnected and can be used to detect mechanical movement or the state of the circuit. When the magnetic switch is not in working condition, the two reeds in the glass tube are not in contact. If a magnetic substance approaches the glass tube, under the action of the magnetic field, the two reeds will be magnetized and attracted to each other, so that the circuit is connected. When the magnetic substance disappears, without the influence of external magnetic force, the two reeds will separate due to their own elasticity, breaking the circuit. 2. There is a kind of magnetic switch in which multiple or one point reed switches are arranged in a closed plastic tube or metal. The whole container is hollow and a floating ball with a ring magnet is installed inside. The reed switch and the floating ball are controlled by a fixed ring. In terms of position, the float ball can float within a certain range. The opening and closing actions of the switch are produced by the magnets in the floating ball attracting the contacts of the reed switch. 3. There is also a kind of magnetic switch, which is often referred to as proximity switch, also called magnetic switch or induction switch. It has a standard size plastic shell to pot the dry reed switch in the black shell, and the wire leads out. The other half of the plastic shell with a magnet is fixed on the other end. When a magnetic substance approaches the switch with a wire, the switch will be about 10mm away. Send out the switch signal. Application of magnetic switch 1. The reed switch can be used as a sensor for position limit, counting, etc., used in the production of security systems such as window magnets and door magnets, and also widely used in various communication equipment. 2. Proximity switches are widely used in telephones, security doors, printers, household doors, fax machines and other electronic equipment.

In the past six months or so, under the continued global monetary easing, the prices of copper, aluminum, steel, plastics and other commodities have continued to rise, and most of them have reached historical and stage highs. The latest "black whirlwind" was brought by steel. The iron and steel industry is one of the country's important raw material industries. Real estate, automobiles, home appliances, machinery, and shipbuilding are all important downstream industries in the iron and steel industry. The soaring steel prices have severely impacted downstream companies. The rising price of the black series has accelerated since October last year, and has rapidly risen after the "May 1st" holiday. From May 10, the steel market has entered a state of excitement, and the price of steel has accelerated, breaking through the previous high in 2008 and hitting a record. A new high in history. What are the reasons for the increase in steel prices in 2021? 1. The mismatch of global resource supply drives up the price of raw materials; 2. The demand side of steel is relatively stable, maintaining the stability of the basic steel market; 3. The manufacturing boom is relatively high, which boosts the marginal demand for steel; 4. This year, domestic policies have been proposed to reduce production. The market expects that the supply of steel will shrink to a certain extent under the promotion of the policy. The increase in volume and price of steel products has also driven the boom in the steel trade market. Orders of some steel trade companies have doubled, and the transaction throughput in the steel trade market has even reached the highest level in history. In order to make up for the supply gap caused by the decline in domestic crude steel production, my country has cancelled the export tax rebate policy for some steel products since May 1. China exports 60-70 million tons of steel a year, and the abolition of export tax rebates will cause most of the steel to return to the country or cool the steel market. The sharp rise in steel prices has doubled the pressure on downstream companies. The originally weak profit margin has been further squeezed, and many downstream processing and manufacturing industries have been unable to absorb the increase. The executive meeting of the State Council on May 12 proposed that it is necessary to track and analyze the domestic and foreign situation and market changes, make market adjustments, and deal with the excessively rapid rise in commodity prices and its collateral effects. Subsequently, domestic black commodity futures prices fell in response. As of the close of the afternoon of May 14th, both rebar and hot-rolled coil fell to the limit, iron ore closed down 7.49% to 1,173 yuan/ton, and coke closed down 6.44% to 2614.5 yuan/ton. Entering the night trading on the 14th, the "black series" closed down across the board, hot rolled coils fell more than 4%, thermal coal and rebar fell more than 3%. On May 17, the main c...

In our modern daily life, there are many different kinds of sensors to help us, and the work of these sensors usually depends on magnetism. With the continuous development of technology and products, the range and specifications of sensor magnets are also constantly evolving. Magnetic sensors convert magnetically or magnetically encoded information into electrical signals, which are then processed by electronic circuits. For example, sensors in the dashboard of a car can recognize position, speed, and directional movement. Many magnetic sensors work in two ways: Hall effect or reed switch. The application of the sensor determines the design of the sensor and the type or design of the magnet or magnetic component used in the sensor. Hall effect sensor Hall-effect sensors are used in applications such as positioning, proximity sensing, current sensing, and speed detection. The Hall-effect sensor can measure the size of the magnetic field and is activated by an external magnetic field. The magnetic flux density around the sensor exceeds a preset limit. It is then detected by the sensor. The output voltage produced by this effect is called the Hall voltage. Edwin Hall discovered this effect in 1879. Sensors using the Hall effect are very rugged and reliable in extreme environments because they are resistant to dust, dirt and water. These characteristics make Hall-effect sensors very suitable for position sensing applications and are preferred over optical or electromechanical designs. Examples of sensors designed around the Hall effect include:   Automotive ignition sensor   Fuel injection sensor   Wheel rotation sensor   Motor control sensor   Motion and position sensors (such as brushless DC motors)   Industrial applications such as joysticks are used to control hydraulic valves in factories such as mining trucks, loaders, cranes, etc. Reed switch sensor The switch structure of the reed switch sensor consists of two ferromagnetic blades separated by only a few microns. When the magnet approaches the two blades, the two blades will attract each other. Once the blades touch, they close the normally open (NO) contacts, allowing current to flow. In some cases, the reed switch contains non-ferromagnetic contacts, forming a normally closed (NC) output. The approaching magnet will open the contacts and pull away from the switch contacts. The reed switch sensor has incredible reliability. It is a mechanical switch and has a long running time. The sealed structure of this switch makes it suitable for use in explosive environments. Some examples of sensors that use reed switch technology include speed sensors on bicycles, and door and window sensors in anti-theft alarms. Type of sensor magnet There are several different types of magnetic materials that can be used for sensors, rare earth neodymium magnets, ferrite permanent magnets, samarium cobalt magnets are more widely used, and other magnetic materials such as AlNiCo magneti...

Neodymium iron boron (ndfeb) belongs to the third generation of rare earth permanent magnet materials. It has the characteristics of small size, light weight and strong magnetism. It is a magnet with relatively high performance and price so far, and it is known as the magnet king in the field of magnetism. The advantages of high energy density make NdFeB permanent magnet materials widely used in modern industry and electronic technology. In people's daily lives, permanent magnet materials are ubiquitous, ranging from watches, cell phones, cameras, telephones, tape recorders, computer hard drives, and CD drives to automobiles, generators, medical instruments, and aerospace vehicles. It is precisely because of the widespread use of rare earth permanent magnet materials that the size of many electronic products can be further reduced and the performance improved greatly. So as to adapt to the current development trend of light, thin and small electronic products. Now, the production and application of rare earth permanent magnet materials have become an important indicator of a country's comprehensive national strength and the level of national economic development. Low-end NdFeB is mainly used in magnetic adsorption, magnetic separation, luggage buttons, door buckles, toys and other fields, while high-performance NdFeB mainly refers to various types of motors used in high-tech barriers, including energy-saving motors, Automobile motors, elevator motors, wind power generation, household appliances, medical treatment, automation equipment, advanced audio-visual equipment, etc. Neodymium magnets (neodymium iron boron) are key components in automotive electronic technology, and have a wide range of applications in automotive safety and information systems, electronic control units, automotive multimedia systems, and energy transmission systems. With the development of new energy vehicles and unmanned driving technology, various safety control systems such as safe driving assistance systems and collision prediction systems will be developed and widely used, and the global automotive electronics industry has ushered in a golden period of development. In this market, innovation is highly valued, new products and new applications are constantly emerging, and automotive electronics technology is changing the face of the entire car. The magnetic components used in automotive electronics are mainly made of neodymium magnets, soft ferrite materials and metal soft magnetic materials. With the development of lightweight, intelligent, and electrified automobiles, the requirements for magnetic materials are getting higher and higher. The application of high-performance NdFeB in traditional automobiles is mainly focused on EPS and micro motors. Permanent magnet materials in EPS supercharged motors EPS has high requirements on the performance, weight and volume of permanent magnet motors. Therefore, the permanent magnet materials in EPS are mainly high-performance N...

In March 2021, China's imports of mixed rare earth carbonates have dropped sharply, especially imports from Myanmar decreased by 85% year-on-year. Decreased for the second year in a row, and decreased by orders of magnitude. The analysis of customs statistics shows that in 2018 and 2019, the amount of rare earth carbonate imported from Myanmar was more than 2,300 tons, and in 2020 it dropped to a hundred tons (more than 500 tons), and in 2021 it dropped to only 85.5 tons .

According to the monitoring of the business agency, the price index trend of the domestic rare earth market continued to fall. The price of domestic praseodymium and neodymium rare earths has dropped significantly, and the price of neodymium has dropped significantly. The market price of heavy rare earths has also fallen correspondingly. The domestic rare earth market prices have dropped slightly.  Mainstream products such as neodymium praseodymium oxide and neodymium praseodymium alloys have fallen sharply, while prices of praseodymium oxide and metal praseodymium have bucked the trend. As of April 20, the price of neodymium oxide in domestic rare earths was 567,500 yuan/ton, down 9.56% from the price in early April. The price of neodymium metal was 742,500 yuan/ton, down 5.71% from the price in early April; the price of neodymium praseodymium oxide was 560,500 yuan/ton, down 3.78% from the price in early April; the price of neodymium praseodymium was 685,000 yuan/ton. Compared with the price at the beginning of April, the price fell by 4.2%; the price of praseodymium oxide was 547,500 yuan/ton; the price of praseodymium metal was 705,000 yuan/ton, and the domestic light rare earth market fell. Recently, the rare earth market has been declining. Some companies have reported that the overall transaction volume has declined. The downstream permanent magnets mainly purchase on-demand. However, the early-stage manufacturers actively stock up and the on-site inventory increases. As a result, the downstream enthusiasm for restocking is generally not high. Product prices have fallen. Sales of new energy vehicles have slowed down, and the impact on the rare earth industry has cooled somewhat. The main rare earth materials of high-performance NdFeB are light rare earth praseodymium and neodymium oxide, heavy rare earth dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide, which are used in new energy vehicles, wind power, energy-saving inverter air conditioners, traditional automobiles and other fields. According to statistics, new energy vehicles continue to set a single-month historical record of sales.  According to data released by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, in March and March, the national automobile industry continued to maintain a good development trend, with production and sales reaching 2.462 million and 2.526 million vehicles respectively, an increase of 63.9% and 73.6% from the previous month and an increase of 71.6% and 74.9% year-on-year. ; New energy production, sales and export volume once again set a new historical record for the month. Downstream on-demand procurement is the main focus, the light rare earth market prices continue to fall, and the heavy rare earth market also cools down accordingly.

According to the rare earth export data released by the General Administration of Customs in March 2021, the total export volume of rare earths in March was 4837.1 tons, an increase of about 36.9% from the average value of January and February; the total export price in March was 58.3 million U.S. dollars, compared with January and February. The average month-on-month increase was about 47.8%; the average export price in March was 12.05USD/Kg, a month-on-month increase of 7.97%. It can be inferred from the export data that foreign demand for rare earths has grown rapidly in the first two months of 2021, which has also played a role in promoting the price trend of rare earths. The picture below shows China's rare earth export volume and growth from March 2020 to 2021

Permanent magnets are now widely used in life, almost involving all walks of life, such as nuclear magnetic resonance, wind generators and other high-end motors, stereos, door sensors, mahjong magnets, etc. Because there are many types of magnet materials, many customers do not know which magnet they should choose. From which aspect to choose magnets, it is a difficult problem. Below, Bearheart talks about this issue. First of all, from the user's point of view, the points that customers care about are nothing more than the price of the magnet, the magnet's magnetic force and the high temperature resistance of the magnet. Below we briefly introduce several commonly used magnet materials in the market. There are many types of magnets available on the market today, each with different properties. The most common ones are neodymium magnets, alnico magnets, SmCo magnets, and ferrite magnets. Sort by price from low to high 1. Ferrite magnet. Because the material is cheap, the price of ferrite is very low, and the amount of use is very large. It is mostly used in handbag packaging factories, horn factories, and leather goods factories. 2. Neodymium iron boron magnets. High cost performance, although its quantity is not as large as ferrite, but the highest output value. All walks of life are involved. Our customers are mostly used in magnetic connectors, DC motors, robots, smart homes and other fields. 3. Alnico magnets are more used in military products. 4. Samarium cobalt magnets. The cost is high, and it is only used in some high-end permanent magnet motors. The magnetic force of the magnet (from strong to weak) 1. Neodymium iron boron. The third-generation rare-earth permanent magnet products are currently the strongest magnet material. They are called strong magnets, powerful magnets, magnet kings, etc. by outsiders, with a maximum magnetic energy product of 52 megagauss oersteds. 2. Samarium cobalt. The magnetic force is better than that of neodymium iron boron and samarium cobalt magnets can be processed into special shapes. The maximum magnetic energy product is 26 trillion Gauss Oersteds. 3. AlNiCo. The magnetic force is weaker than that of samarium cobalt, and the maximum magnetic energy product is only 5.4 megagauss oersteds. 4. Ferrite. Ferrite and AlNiCo are very weak in magnetism, and the maximum magnetic energy product is only 3.6 MegaGauss Oersteds. High temperature resistance (from high to low) 1. AlNiCo. It can withstand a working temperature of 500°C and is the most high-temperature-resistant magnet material. 2. Samarium cobalt. It is an ideal choice for the working temperature of 250℃-350℃. 3. Ferrite. The upper limit of the heat-resistant working temperature of ferrite is 300℃. 4. Neodymium iron boron. NdFeB is suitable for the working temperature of 80℃-230℃, and the magnetic force is strong. The above is the article on how to choose the right permanent magnet. I hope that after reading it, you already know how to choose the right ...

Rare earth permanent magnet materials, that is, permanent magnet materials contain rare earth metals as alloying elements. Permanent magnet material means that the magnetization is removed from the external magnetic field and can maintain strong magnetism for a long time. Rare earth permanent magnet material is a kind of magnetic material made by alloy composed of samarium, neodymium mixed rare earth metal and transition metal (such as cobalt, iron, etc.), pressed and sintered by powder metallurgy method, and magnetized by a magnetic field. Rare earth permanent magnets are divided into: samarium cobalt (SmCo) permanent magnets and neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets. Among them, the energy product of SmCo magnets is between 15-30MGOe, and the energy product of NdFeB magnets is between 27-50MGOe, which is called "the king of permanent magnets" and is the most magnetic permanent magnet material. Although samarium-cobalt permanent magnets have excellent magnetic properties, they contain rare earth metal samarium and cobalt, which are scarce and expensive strategic metals. Therefore, its development has been greatly restricted. The development of my country's rare earth permanent magnet industry began in the late 1960s. At that time, the leading product was samarium-cobalt permanent magnets. The sales volume of samarium-cobalt permanent magnets in the world was 630 tons, and in my country it was 90.5 tons (including SmCo magnetic powder). technology. It is divided into the first generation (SmCo5), the second generation (Sm2Co17) and the third generation of rare earth permanent magnet materials (NdFeB). New rare earth transition metal series and rare earth iron nitrogen series permanent magnet alloy materials are under development and may become a new generation of rare earth permanent magnet alloys. Comparison of samarium cobalt magnets and neodymium iron boron magnets 1) Different ingredients: Neodymium iron boron magnet: Rare earth metal neodymium 29%-32.5% Metal element iron 63.95-68.65% Non-metal element boron 1.1-1.2% Add a small amount of dysprosium 0.6-1.2% niobium 0.3-0.5% aluminum 0.3-0.5% copper 0.05-0.15% and other elements Samarium Cobalt Magnet 2:17: Sm: 23-28% Rare earth metal cobalt Co: 48-52% Metal element iron Fe: 14-17% Metal element copper Cu: 5-7% Add a small amount of zirconium Zr: 2-3 2) Different performance Relatively speaking, the overall performance of samarium cobalt magnets is weaker than that of neodymium iron boron! 3) Different prices Samarium cobalt magnets and neodymium iron boron magnets of the same performance and size, the price of neodymium iron boron is lower than that of samarium cobalt! Of course, it can be seen from the ratio of the two metal elements above! The content of iron in NdFeB is higher, the content of rare earth elements is less, and the price of iron is very cheap, so the price of NdFeB is cheaper! The content of rare earth elements samarium and cobalt in samarium cobalt magnets account...

According to industry practice, sintered NdFeB permanent magnet materials with the sum of intrinsic coercivity (kOe) and maximum magnetic energy product (MGOe) greater than 60 are high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials. The main parameters for measuring the performance of permanent magnet materials are coercivity, maximum magnetic energy product, remanence, and maximum operating temperature. The first three indicators mainly measure the magnetic properties of the material. The higher the value, the better. The operating temperature measures the temperature resistance of the magnet. feature. Sintered NdFeB magnetic materials are divided into low coercivity (N), medium coercive force (M), high coercive force (H), super high coercive force (SH), ultra-high There are seven categories of coercive force (UH), extremely high coercive force (EH), and highest coercive force (TH). The raw materials of NdFeB magnetic materials mainly include rare earth metals such as neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium iron, pure iron, and boron-iron alloys. Among them, rare earth metals such as praseodymium and neodymium account for about 60% of the cost of raw materials. Look, raw materials account for 60-80%. The fluctuation of rare earth prices will affect the profitability of upstream smelting and separation companies and NdFeB production companies, but NdFeB companies are less affected by price fluctuations. The application scenarios of high-performance NdFeB have gradually developed from traditional consumer electronics to emerging fields, from VCM in 2002, wind power generation and energy-saving appliances in 2008-2009 to automotive EPS that emerged in 2011-2012. These fields use neodymium iron. The core of boron magnetic material lies in its advantages of energy saving, high efficiency, small size and light weight. In the future, the development of new energy vehicles will become the main growth point for the demand for high-performance NdFeB magnets. At present, traditional automobiles are the scene where high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials are most used. The downstream application fields of high-performance NdFeB permanent magnet materials are mainly divided into two categories: one is new energy and energy conservation and environmental protection, including wind power, new energy vehicles and auto parts, energy-saving home appliances, robots, etc.; the other is traditional Application areas, including VCM, consumer electronics, etc. In 2018, the traditional automotive sector accounted for nearly 40% of the global demand for high-performance NdFeB, and new energy vehicles accounted for nearly 12%. Other consumer sectors include industrial applications (10.9%), wind power (10%), and consumer electronics (9.1%) , Inverter air conditioners (9%), energy-saving appliances (8.4%). High-performance NdFeB industry development barriers 1. Technical barriers High-performance neodymium iron boron is a technology-intensive industry, which requires h...

Speaking of plastic magnets (injection magnets), I believe that everyone is relatively unfamiliar, because there are very few places where you can directly see plastic magnets. Because these plastic magnets are stored in electrical appliances and motors, we cannot see plastic magnets intuitively. But the role of plastic magnetism around us is very big. Injection magnet is a new type of functional polymer composite material, and it is an important basic material in the field of modern science and technology. Compared with sintered magnetic materials, magnetic plastics have lower density, higher impact resistance, and their magnetic properties can be controlled by the content of magnetic powder, and they are chemically stable. It has the advantages of good performance and no chipping during use. Various resins such as nylon, polyphenylene sulfide, and elastic plastic can be selected as the base material, mixed with ferrite magnetic powder, neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, and plastic injection molding is used. Forming technology for processing has unique advantages in the preparation of thin walls, complex shapes, radial orientation, high-precision magnets, and integrated combined forming. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of high material utilization and high production efficiency. Device miniaturization, lightweight, composite, high-efficiency, and energy-saving play a key role. If you want to play a greater role in the magnetic ring, you can wind the cable a few turns on the plastic magnetic ring. The more the number of turns, the better the suppression effect on lower frequency interference, and the weaker the suppression effect on higher frequency noise.  Injection molding can make magnets with complex shapes. In addition, the injection molding process can use "embedded molding", "multi-step molding", and "multi-piece molding" methods to integrate magnets and other parts into one piece, thereby saving the cost of secondary processing and assembly. Injection molding technology can produce isotropic magnets and anisotropic magnets. When forming an anisotropic magnet, an orientation magnetic field is required to make the magnetic powder have a certain orientation in the polymer in the molten state, that is, orientation, and can realize multi-polar magnetization. The injection molding process makes the product have better consistency in size and performance. During the molding process, the material completely fills the mold cavity with the highest concentration under the strong injection pressure, and the material contains thermoplastic binder, so that the magnet has good physical and mechanical properties. Performance: Due to the high content of polymer binder in the injection molded magnet, the magnet itself has strong corrosion resistance and usually does not require surface coating protection. Dimensional accuracy: Since the injection molded product is consistent in size with the injection mold cavity, the product dim...